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Sorption of phenanthrene to biochar modified by base

Zhengjun Feng, Lizhong Zhu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0978-7

摘要： Biochar (BC) is a potential material for removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from soil and water, and base modification is a promising method for improving its sorption ability. In this study, we synthesized a series of base-modified biochars, and evaluated their sorption of phenanthrene. Original biochars were produced by pyrolysis of three feedstocks (rice straw, wood and bamboo) at five temperatures (300°C, 350°C, 400°C, 500°C and 700°C). Base-modified biochars were further obtained by washing of biochars with base solution. The base soluble carbon (SC) was extracted from the supernatant, which were only obtained from biochars pyrolyzed at low temperatures (<500°C) and the content was decreased with the increase of pyrolysis temperature. The SC content between different feedstocks followed the trend of rice straw>wood>bamboo when same pyrolysis conditions were applied. It was found that base modification improved the sorption of phenanthrene on biochars that SC could be extracted from (extractable-BCs). However, base treatment but had limited effects for biochars that no SC could be extracted from. It suggested that base modification improved the sorption of phenanthrene to extractable-BCs by removing the SC and thus increasing the surface area and hydrophobicity. Therefore, base modification was suggested to be used in modifying extractable-BCs.

关键词： Biochar     Base modification     Phenanthrene    

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Non-thermal plasma enhances performances of biochar in wastewater treatment and energy storage applications

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期   页码 475-483 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2070-x

摘要： Surface functionalization or modification to introduce more oxygen-containing functional groups to biochar is an effective strategy for tuning the physicochemical properties and promoting follow-up applications. In this study, non-thermal plasma was applied for biochar surface carving before being used in contaminant removal and energy storage applications. The results showed that even a low dose of plasma exposure could introduce a high number density of oxygen-functional groups and enhance the hydrophilicity and metal affinity of the pristine biochar. The plasma-treated biochar enabled a faster metal-adsorption rate and a 40% higher maximum adsorption capacity of heavy metal ion Pb2+. Moreover, to add more functionality to biochar surface, biochar with and without plasma pre-treatment was activated by KOH at a temperature of 800 °C. Using the same amount of KOH, the plasma treatment resulted in an activated carbon product with the larger BET surface area and pore volume. The performance of the treated activated carbon as a supercapacitor electrode was also substantially improved by>30%. This study may provide guidelines for enhancing the surface functionality and application performances of biochar using non-thermal-based techniques.

关键词： non-thermal plasma     surface functionalization     biochar modification     wastewater treatment     supercapacitor    

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Immobilization of NZVI in polydopamine surface-modified biochar for adsorption and degradation of tetracycline

Xiangyu Wang, Weitao Lian, Xin Sun, Jun Ma, Ping Ning

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1066-3

摘要：

Novel method for polydopamine (PDA) modified biochar (BC) with immobilized NZVI.

PDA/NZVI@BC exhibits significantly enhanced activity for tetracycline (TC) removal.

TC removal efficiency was increased by 55.9% compared with that of pristine NZVI.

The mechanism of tetracycline removal by PDA/NZVI@BC was proposed.

关键词： Biochar     Polydopamine     NZVI     Modification     Tetracycline    

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Cattle manure biochar and earthworm interactively affected CO and NO emissions in agricultural and forest

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1473-8

摘要：

• Earthworms increase CO2 and N2O emissions in agricultural and forest soil.

关键词： Carbon sequestration     Forest soil     Cattle manure biochar     Greenhouse gas emissions     Soil fauna    

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Enhancing the adsorption function of biochar by mechanochemical graphitization for organic pollutant

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1418-2

摘要：

• Mechanochemical treatment reduced the calcination temperature for biochar synthesis.

关键词： Biochar     Mechanochemical treatment     Graphitization     Calcination temperature     Organic pollutant    

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生物质制备纳米零价铁生物炭的铁相转移和原位还原机制 Article

卓胜男, 任宏宇, 谢国俊, 邢德峰, 刘冰峰

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第21卷 第2期   页码 124-134 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.07.012

摘要：

纳米零价铁生物炭（nZVI-BC）作为一种由废弃生物质制备的环境友好型材料，可有效解决生物质转化和环境污染问题。然而，复杂的生物质/生物炭改性过程阻碍了它们的进一步生产和应用。在本研究中，一种绿色溶剂聚乙二醇400（PEG400）被引入FeCl3⋅6H2O改性水稻秸秆（RS）的反应体系中，改性后的RS通过一步热解法被转化为nZVI-BC。PEG400 的添加促进了铁离子的水解并改善了RS的表面结构，有利于Fe2O3附着到RS表面。在60 ℃、80 ℃、100 ℃和0.5 h 的改性条件下，RS中木质素组分损失不多，有利于高温热解过程中碳骨架的形成。Fe2O3在热解产生的还原气体和无定形碳的帮助下被还原，最终形成nZVI-BC。将该方法制备的nZVI-BC 用于染料刚果红的催化高级氧化去除，结果表明，nZVI-BC 具有快速的吸附能力（5 min 时吸附效果为70.6%）和高效的催化降解能力（60 min 时催化降解90%）。本研究为nZVI-BC的制备提供了一种新的策略，为其规模化生产和应用奠定了基础。

关键词： 生物质转化     纳米零价铁生物炭     原位热解     铁相转移    

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Effects of different types of biochar on the properties and reactivity of nano zero-valent iron in soil

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1388-4

摘要：

• Biochar enhanced the mobility and stability of zero-valent iron nanoparticles.

关键词： Nano zero-valent iron     Biochar     BDE209     Transport     Soil    

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Selective preparation for biofuels and high value chemicals based on biochar catalysts

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第5期   页码 635-653 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0878-4

摘要： The reuse of biomass wastes is crucial toward today’s energy and environmental crisis, among which, biomass-based biochar as catalysts for biofuel and high value chemical production is one of the most clean and economical solutions. In this paper, the recent advances in biofuels and high chemicals for selective production based on biochar catalysts from different biomass wastes are critically summarized. The topics mainly include the modification of biochar catalysts, the preparation of energy products, and the mechanisms of other high-value products. Suitable biochar catalysts can enhance the yield of biofuels and higher-value chemicals. Especially, the feedstock and reaction conditions of biochar catalyst, which affect the efficiency of energy products, have been the focus of recent attentions. Mechanism studies based on biochar catalysts will be helpful to the controlled products. Therefore, the design and advancement of the biochar catalyst based on mechanism research will be beneficial to increase biofuels and the conversion efficiency of chemicals into biomass. The advanced design of biochar catalysts and optimization of operational conditions based on the biomass properties are vital for the selective production of high-value chemicals and biofuels. This paper identifies the latest preparation for energy products and other high-value chemicals based on biochar catalysts progresses and offers insights into improving the yield of high selectivity for products as well as the high recyclability and low toxicity to the environment in future applications.

关键词： biomass     biochar catalysts     biofuels     high chemicals    

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Adsorption of herring sperm DNA onto pine sawdust biochar: Thermodynamics and site energy distribution

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1579-7

摘要：

● Adsorption of environmental deoxyribonucleic acid on biochar was studied.

关键词： Environmental deoxyribonucleic acid     Antibiotic resistance genes     Biochar     Adsorption thermodynamics    

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Erratum to: Synthesis of vinasse-dolomite nanocomposite biochar via a novel developed functionalization

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1387-5

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A “Seawater-in-Sludge” approach for capacitive biochar production via the alkaline and alkaline earth

Xiling Li, Tianwei Hao, Yuxin Tang, Guanghao Chen

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1295-0

摘要： Abstract • Capacitive biochar was produced from sewage sludge. • Seawater was proved to be an alternative activation agent. • Minerals vaporization increased the surface area of biochar. • Molten salts acted as natural templates for the development of porous structure. Sewage sludge is a potential precursor for biochar production, but its effective utilization involves costly activation steps. To modify biochar properties while ensuring cost-effectiveness, we examined the feasibility of using seawater as an agent to activate biochar produced from sewage sludge. In our proof-of-concept study, seawater was proven to be an effective activation agent for biochar production, achieving a surface area of 480.3 m2/g with hierarchical porosity distribution. Benefited from our design, the catalytic effect of seawater increased not only the surface area but also the graphitization degree of biochar when comparing the pyrolysis of sewage sludge without seawater. This leads to seawater activated biochar electrodes with lower resistance, higher capacitance of 113.9 F/g comparing with control groups without seawater. Leveraging the global increase in the salinity of groundwater, especially in coastal areas, these findings provide an opportunity for recovering a valuable carbon resource from sludge.

关键词： Sewage sludge     Biochar     Seawater     Recourse recovery     Capacitor    

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Facile fabrication of dolomite-doped biochar/bentonite for effective removal of phosphate from complex

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1671-7

摘要：

● Dolomite-doped biochar/bentonite was synthesized for phosphate removal.

关键词： Biochar-bentonite composite     Dolomite doping     Phosphate adsorption     Polymeric matrix membrane     Adsorption-filtration dual functions     Low-concentration phosphate    

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The speciation, leachability and bioaccessibility of Cu and Zn in animal manure-derived biochar: effect

Qi Lin, Xin Xu, Lihua, Wang, Qian Chen, Jing Fang, Xiaodong Shen, Liping Lou, Guangming Tian

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0924-8

摘要： Biochars derived from animal manures may accumulate potentially toxic metals and cause a potential risk to ecosystem. The synchrotron-based X-ray spectroscopy, sequential fractionation schemes, bioaccessibility extraction and leaching procedure were performed on poultry and swine manure-derived biochars (denoted PB and SB, respectively) to evaluate the variance of speciation and activity of Cu and Zn as affected by the feedstock and pyrolysis temperature. The results showed that Cu speciation was dependent on the feedstock with Cu-citrate-like in swine manure and species resembling Cu-glutathione and CuO in poultry manure. Pyrolyzed products, however, had similar Cu speciation mainly with species resembling Cu-citrate, CuO and CuS/Cu S. Organic bound Zn and Zn (PO ) -like species were dominant in both feedstock and biochars. Both Cu and Zn leaching with synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP) and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) decreased greatly with the rise of pyrolysis temperature, which were consistent with the sequential extraction results that pyrolysis converted Cu and Zn into less labile phases such as organic/sulfide and residual fractions. The potential bioaccessibility of Zn decreased for both the PB and SB, closely depending on the content of non-residual Zn. The bioaccessibility of Cu, however, increased for the SB prepared at 300°C–700°C, probably due to the increased proportion of CuO. Concerning the results of sequential fractionation schemes, bioaccessibility extraction and leaching procedure, pyrolysis at 500°C was suggested as means of reducing Cu/Zn lability and poultry manure was more suitable for pyrolysis treatment.

关键词： Animal manure     Biochar     Metals     Molecular species     Pyrolysis    

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Sustainable functionalization and modification of materials via multicomponent reactions in water

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第9期   页码 1318-1344 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2150-6

摘要： In materials chemistry, green chemistry has established firm ground providing essential design criteria to develop advanced tools for efficient functionalization and modification of materials. Particularly, the combination of multicomponent reactions in water and aqueous media with materials chemistry unlocks a new sustainable way for constructing multi-functionalized structures with unique features, playing significant roles in the plethora of applications. Multicomponent reactions have received significant consideration from the community of material chemistry because of their great efficiency, simple operations, intrinsic molecular diversity, and an atom and a pot economy. Also, by rational design of multicomponent reactions in water and aqueous media, the performance of some multicomponent reactions could be enhanced by the contributing “natural” form of water-soluble materials, the exclusive solvating features of water, and simple separating and recovering materials. To date, there is no exclusive review to report the sustainable functionalization and modification of materials in water. This critical review highlights the utility of various kinds of multicomponent reactions in water and aqueous media as green methods for functionalization and modification of siliceous, magnetic, and carbonaceous materials, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, peptides, proteins, and synthetic polymers. The detailed discussion of synthetic procedures, properties, and related applicability of each functionalized/modified material is fully deliberated in this review.

关键词： materials     multicomponent reactions     modification     functionalization     water    

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An investigation on modification mechanism of CH

Qiang XIN, Shanghong HUANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 293-300 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0403-0

摘要： Rising oil price has brought huge cost pressure for low grade highway construction, and it is urgent to find alternative resources. At the same time, there are nearly 50000–60000 tons of low temperature coal output in inner Mongolia region, China, which has high toxicity and high polluting. To make the low temperature coal be applicable for road constructions, the formaldehyde is used as cross linking agent, the concentrated sulfuric acid is used as catalyst, and the chemical modification of low temperature coal tar pitch in Inner Mongolia region is investigated. The road performance (softening point, penetration and ductility) of modified low temperature coal are tested. Results shown that the road performance of modified low temperature coal is increased significantly. Modification mechanism of low temperature coal is studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy and other analytical tools. Results show that, in the modified low temperature coal, resin content increases and the resin fiber diameter becomes larger with the increasing of formaldehyde content.

关键词： low temperature     coal tar pitch     modification     road performance    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Sorption of phenanthrene to biochar modified by base

Zhengjun Feng, Lizhong Zhu

期刊论文

Non-thermal plasma enhances performances of biochar in wastewater treatment and energy storage applications

期刊论文

Immobilization of NZVI in polydopamine surface-modified biochar for adsorption and degradation of tetracycline

Xiangyu Wang, Weitao Lian, Xin Sun, Jun Ma, Ping Ning

期刊论文

Cattle manure biochar and earthworm interactively affected CO and NO emissions in agricultural and forest

期刊论文

Enhancing the adsorption function of biochar by mechanochemical graphitization for organic pollutant

期刊论文

生物质制备纳米零价铁生物炭的铁相转移和原位还原机制

卓胜男, 任宏宇, 谢国俊, 邢德峰, 刘冰峰

期刊论文

Effects of different types of biochar on the properties and reactivity of nano zero-valent iron in soil

期刊论文

Selective preparation for biofuels and high value chemicals based on biochar catalysts

期刊论文

Adsorption of herring sperm DNA onto pine sawdust biochar: Thermodynamics and site energy distribution

期刊论文

Erratum to: Synthesis of vinasse-dolomite nanocomposite biochar via a novel developed functionalization

期刊论文

A “Seawater-in-Sludge” approach for capacitive biochar production via the alkaline and alkaline earth

Xiling Li, Tianwei Hao, Yuxin Tang, Guanghao Chen

期刊论文

Facile fabrication of dolomite-doped biochar/bentonite for effective removal of phosphate from complex

期刊论文

The speciation, leachability and bioaccessibility of Cu and Zn in animal manure-derived biochar: effect

Qi Lin, Xin Xu, Lihua, Wang, Qian Chen, Jing Fang, Xiaodong Shen, Liping Lou, Guangming Tian

期刊论文

Sustainable functionalization and modification of materials via multicomponent reactions in water

期刊论文

An investigation on modification mechanism of CH

Qiang XIN, Shanghong HUANG

期刊论文